Finding a Top-Rated Nearshore Development Company

Top 7 Nearshore Software Development Companies in North America for 2024

We've reviewed over 100 nearshore software development companies to create a list of the top 7 agencies in 2024.

Top Rated Nearshore Software Developer

7 Best Nearshore Software Development Companies to Partner With for North America

Have you ever needed to outsource your software development but felt overwhelmed by the endless options? Choosing the right nearshore software development company can be challenging, especially when you're short on time and need to make a well-informed decision. 

We understand this struggle. That's why we have commissioned an independent third-party research company to conduct extensive research and identify North America's top nearshore software development companies for 2024. They have invested their time and effort into researching these companies so you can easily find a trusted partner who fits your needs without stress.

What is a Nearshore Software Development Company? 

A nearshore software development company is a specialized business that provides software development services to clients in nearby countries. These companies offer various services, such as custom software development, mobile app creation, software testing, and IT consulting.

By operating in geographically close but different countries, nearshore companies foster seamless collaboration and communication with their clients. This proximity allows them to better understand and timely fulfill client requirements, leading to building more effective solutions. 

Clients who partner with nearshore software development companies have access to a diverse talent pool and competitive rates. The convenience of operating within similar time zones guarantees easier project management and faster turnaround times.

Partnering with a nearshore software development company presents several advantages:

  • Time zone alignment is -- at most -- one hour ahead of Eastern Daylight Time (EDT) in North America. The best application development projects for nearshore software development are a collaboration between the client and the nearshore development company or a nearshore team of software developers. This is why time zone differences greater than 5 to 6 hours create havoc.  At either end of the daily effort, the project managers have limited time to discuss issues and effectively plan with their counterparts as time zone differences create real obstacles for collaboration.
  • Cost-effectiveness compared to onshore companies and increase management time for geographically distant development companies in Eastern Europe and Asia. Cost reduction has always been a critical consideration in outsourcing decisions. Companies that pick a nearshore outsourcing vendor are driven by their desire for a high level of software programming capabilities, as well as the value provided to their software development initiatives.
  • Cultural compatibility due to shared familial ties and similar business practices. South America's geographical proximity shares a broad range of time zones with North America, unlike Eastern Europe and India. For this reason, alone, many companies located in the U.S. have sought out development partners who reside nearshore and who share many cultural similarities to us in the United States and similar time zone.
  • Strong English language proficiency allows for easier real-time communication.
  • Quality of talent bolstered by strong STEM focused university systems. Latin American boast some of the best technical universities in the world. They have a long tradition of excellence in engineering and computer science. In addition, many South American developers have gone on to earn graduate degrees at U.S. institutions and have native-level fluency in English. Many software developers hold down full-time software development jobs while studying in university and bring years of practical real-wold experience.

Having these advantages in mind, carefully review each company's profile and consider how well it aligns with your project goals before making a decision. Use the table below to compare each nearshore development company's key attributes visually. Remember, the right partner can make all the difference in ensuring timely execution, meeting deadlines, achieving business objectives, and materializing your vision into reality.

Rank

Company

Hourly Rate Range

Location

Customer Ratings

Company Size

Year Founded

1

Azumo

$35-$75

San Francisco, CA

4.9

101-250

2016

2

Luby Software

$50-$99

Miami, FL

4.8

250-500

2002

3

Hatchworks

$50-$99

Atlanta, GA

4.9

101-250

2016

4

Asymm

$50-$99

Solana Beach, CA

5.0

10-49

2020

5

Teravision Technology

$25-$49

Miami, FL

4.8

101-250

2002

6

Dnamic

$50-$99

Costa Rica

4.9

50-249

2014

7

Nanlabs

$50-$99

Buenos Aires, Argentina

4.9

50-249

2013

Criteria for Selecting Nearshore Software Development Companies

We tasked an independent third-party research company with setting certain selection criteria, ensuring a transparent selection process, and identifying only the best nearshore outsourcing companies that offer top-notch services within a reasonable price range.

They began the research by analyzing Google organic search results to identify companies ranking for keywords such as "nearshore software development company" and "nearshore software development services." This method allowed them to generate the initial list of 15 potential candidates.

After conducting the initial research, the independent research company thoroughly analyzed business and industry listicles compiled by reputable platforms such as Clutch, DesignRush, and GoodFirms. A business’s presence in these listings proves that the company is credible and has a relevant reputation in the field. Consequently, the research company added another 25 companies to the list. 

Next, they studied listicles from reputable blogs and websites and examined potential candidates. By including another 10 companies from this list, the research company compiled an extensive list of 50 nearshore development companies.

They required more specific selection criteria to narrow this extensive list down to the top 7. Here are the factors they considered:  

  1. Team Distribution by Country: The research team started their analysis by examining the distribution of software development teams across different South American countries. This region's geographic proximity to North America ensures easier collaboration between teams, a robust talent pool with diverse skill sets, and lower labor and operational expenses.  
  2. Technical Skills: Next, they examined the technology stack of candidate nearshore software development companies to ensure they use a wide range of programming languages, frameworks, tools, and technologies for building software solutions. 
  3. Engagement Model: The best nearshore software development companies had to provide at least one of the IT outsourcing models, such as dedicated teams, software staff augmentation, or project management.  This criterion ensures that the company provides clients with flexible options to suit their project requirements and business objectives.
  4. Price Range: The price range of nearshore software development services was considered to ensure that the chosen companies provide the highest quality services at the most affordable rates. 
  5. Expertise: To evaluate the expertise of nearshore software development companies, they looked for tangible proof of their capabilities. They considered the following aspects:
    1. Awards and Recognition: Recognitions and awards within the industry validate a company's expertise and quality of work.
    2. Work with Recognizable Clients: Collaborations with well-known and reputable clients prove that the nearshore outsourcing company is credible and can deliver high-quality solutions.
    3. Case Studies: Case studies of past projects show the company's approach, problem-solving capabilities, and the outcomes achieved for their clients.
    4. Client Reviews and Testimonials: The nearshore software development company needed at least 10 reviews from clients on Clutch. A minimum overall rating threshold of 4.7 shows that the company has exceptional client satisfaction and delivers quality services. All the client testimonials had to be mainly positive. While some constructive criticism is natural, entirely negative reviews can raise concerns about the company's service quality.
    5. Year Founded: The year the company was founded is an important criterion, as it proves that it can withstand market fluctuations and adapt to technological advancements.

Azumo 

Azumo nearshore team distribution of software developers

Azumo is a nearshore software development company that serves over 100 customers, 90% based in the US and the remaining 10% inCanada and the UK. The company holds a 4.9-star rating on Clutch, reflecting their dedication to providing excellent service quality. Their average customer relationship spans over 3.2 years, showcasing their clients' trust and satisfaction. With an impressive +200% Customer Net Retention Rate, Azumo ensures clients keep returning for more. Operating across 20+ Latin American countries, the company has been delivering top-notch solutions since its founding in San Francisco, California, over 8 years ago.  

  • Engagement Models: software staff augmentation, dedicated teams, virtual CTO, project management
  • Price Range: $35 - $75/hr
  • Team Locations: 59.21% from Argentina, 13.16% from the USA, 7.89% from the Dominican Republic, 5.26% from Brazil, and 14.48% from other Latin American countries. 
  • Clutch Reviews & Rating: 4.9 stars from 17 reviews. Clients appreciate Azumo's ability to speed up product development and deliver high-quality work within timelines and budgets. They are also satisfied with the company’s project management skills, responsiveness, and flexibility in adapting to client processes.
  • Reputable Clients: Discovery Channel, Facebook, Food Network, Omnicom Group, Twitter, United Healthcare
  • Company Size: 50-249
  • Location: San Francisco, CA 
  • Year Founded: 2016
  • Software Development Case Studies: Web application development and software staffing for Angle Health, application development and software staffing for AskTia, nearshore software development for Bento
  • Rewards: Clutch Top Python developer 2023, Clutch Top Unity developer 2023, Clutch Top AI developer 2023
  • Tech Stack
    • Programming Languages: Python, JavaScript, PHP, Java, C#, and other languages
    • Frameworks and Libraries: React.js, Angular, or Vue.js, Flask, Django, TensorFlow, PyTorch, 
    • Databases: PostgreSQL, MySQL, MongoDB, and Redis.
    • Cloud Services: Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform (GCP)
    • DevOps and Deployment: Docker, Kubernetes, Jenkins, GitLab CI/CD. 
  • Talent on Board: software developers, mobile developers, UX/UI designers, product managers, project managers, QA engineers
  • Methodology: Scrum Methodology, Agile Methodology 
  • Services: AI Development, Web App Development, Mobile Development, Chatbot Development, Data Engineering, Cloud Services
  • Industries: education, finance and fintech, media, healthcare, retail and e-commerce, manufacturing and supply chain, automotive and transportation, telecommunications

Luby Software

Alt tag: Luby Software nearshore team distribution

Luby Software is a leading nearshore software development company trusted by over 500 companies to scale their success through its tech talent. The company has a track record of completing over 1,200 projects, and its team excels in more than 40 tech stacks. No matter the IT staffing challenge, the company's outsourced tech talent can handle it, whether filling specific roles or assembling complete multidisciplinary teams. With over 20 positive reviews and 7 top company Clutch Awards, they are recognized for their quality and commitment to client success.

  • Engagement Models: IT staff augmentation, dedicated teams, software development outsourcing
  • Price Range: $50 - $99 / hr
  • Team Locations: 75.25% from Brazil, 15.18% from USA, 9.57% from other countries
  • Clutch Reviews & Rating: 4.8 stars from 29 reviews. Clients appreciate Luby Software for its commitment to quality, timely delivery, and exceptional customer service. Client testimonials say that the company always meets deadlines and often implements necessary changes ahead of schedule. 
  • Reputable Clients: Sunwest Bank, Optii, Vitacon, USEND, SafraPay, Neocova
  • Company Size: 250-999
  • Location:  FL, United States and SP, Brasil
  • Year Founded: 2002
  • Software Development Case Studies: Money transfer app development for USEND, financial solutions for Sunwest Bank, electronic payment technology development for Online IPS 
  • Rewards: Top Software Developers Brazil 2023 by Clutch, Top App Development Company Brazil 2023 by Clutch, Top Design Company Brazil 2023 by Clutch
  • Tech Stacksome text
    • Programming Languages: JavaScript, Python, Java, and Ruby
    • Frameworks and Libraries: React JS, Angular, Django, Ruby on Rails, and more
    • Databases: SQL and NoSQL databases, such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, and MongoDB
    • Cloud Services: The development company uses Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, or Google Cloud Platform
    • DevOps and Deployment: Docker, Kubernetes
  • Talents on Board: software developers, project managers, QA engineers, UX/UI designers, data scientists
  • Methodology: Agile Methodology
  • Services: Custom Software Development, QA and Testing, AI and Data Science, Mobile App Development, UX/UI Design, Platform and Infrastructure
  • Industries: finance, fashion, data security, charitable donations

HatchWorks

Hatchworks nearshore team distribution

HatchWorks, founded in 2016, is a software company that helps businesses by providing affordable, high-quality software and services. They started this business to give companies a better option than small software companies that can't handle big projects and big companies that don't always deliver the best results. Since 2016, HatchWorks has grown, reaching into Latin America and keeping its team members happy and on board for a long time. They're known for growing fast and creating a great place to work.

  • Engagement Models: IT staff augmentation, dedicated agile teams, outcome-based projects
  • Price Range: $50 - $99 / hr
  • Team Locations: 41.54% from USA, 25.38% from Costa Rica, 17.69% from Colombia, 10.77% from Brazil, 5.38% from Peru
  • Clutch Reviews & Rating: 4.9 stars from 21 reviews. Clients appreciate HatchWorks for successfully delivering high-quality solutions. They value the team's flexibility, professionalism, and dedication to understanding client needs. 
  • Reputable Clients: AT&T, Diebold Nixdorf, TrueBlue (PeopleScout & PeopleReady), Advent Health, Cricket Wireless, Charter
  • Company Size: 100 - 250
  • Location:  USA, Costa Rica, Colombia, Peru
  • Year Founded: 2016
  • Software Development Case Studies: Prospect conversion tool development for WealthAbility, sales reporting system development for Juice Plus+
  • Rewards: Top Software Developers Georgia 2024 by Clutch, Top User Experience Company Atlanta 2024 by Clutch, Top Design Company Georgia 2024 by Clutch
  • Tech Stacksome text
    • Programming Languages: Python, Java, and .Net Core
    • Frameworks and Libraries: React.js and Angular JS, Node.js
    • Cloud Services: AWS and Azure
  • Talents on Board: software engineers, frontend developers, backend developers, full-stack developers, data scientists, cloud architects, DevOps engineers, UI/UX designers, product managers, quality assurance engineers, business analysts, project managers, technical architects
  • Methodology: Agile, Scrum, and DevOps practices
  • Services: Custom Software Development, Web and Mobile App Development, Cloud Computing Solutions, Data Analytics and AI/ML, Strategy and Consulting, GenAI Services
  • Industries: healthcare, financial services

ASYMM

ASYMM nearshore team distribution

ASYMM is a software development company started in 2020 by Eric Chen and Ari Lew. It focuses on making custom software to help businesses solve problems and improve online interactions. Using web, mobile, and smart technology, ASYMM has created many successful projects for different types of businesses. It is known for its quality work and has become a go-to for companies looking to improve their software and digital tools.

  • Engagement Models:  IT staff augmentation, managed technology teams, software development outsourcing
  • Price Range: $50 - $99 / hr 
  • Team Locations:  66.67% from Mexico, 33.33% from the USA
  • Clutch Reviews & Rating: 5.0 stars from 10 reviews. Clients highly appreciate ASYMM's ability to deliver projects within the set timeframe. They highlight the company's tight collaboration, proactive support, and responsiveness as key factors to their success.
  • Reputable Clients: Nira, NOW Insurance, PSG, Sotheby’s International Realty, YoungArts 
  • Company Size: 10 - 49
  • Location: Solana Beach, CA
  • Year Founded: 2020
  • Software Development Case Studies: Mobile development for Facilitron, Custom software app development for NOW Insurance, MVP development for Homesy 
  • Rewards: Top 100 Companies Global 2023 by Clutch, Top Product Design Company 2023 by Clutch
  • Tech Stacksome text
    • Programming Languages: JavaScript, Python, and Ruby
    • Frameworks and Libraries: React JS, Vue.js, Node JS, Express.js, and Ruby on Rails 
  • Talents on Board: software developers, UI/UX designers, DevOps engineers, project managers, quality assurance engineers, data scientists, mobile app developers, system architects
  • Methodology: Agile Methodology
  • Services: Custom Software Development, Web App Development, Mobile App Development, UI/UX Design, Cloud Solutions, Machine Learning and AI Solutions, Software Testing and Quality Assurance, IT Consulting, Project Management, DevOps Services
  • Industries: healthcare, finance, education, retail, technology, manufacturing, real estate, entertainment, logistics, energy

Teravision Technology

Teravision Technology nearshore team distribution

Teravision Technologies is a software development company that offers cost-effective services within the same time zone as its clients. With over 300 skilled professionals and a quick team assembly process, they guarantee agility and flexibility in meeting the client's project needs. Their Agile methodology ensures interactive development and constant input, making the outsourced team feel like an in-house asset. Strong university ties and top-notch HR practices have made Teravision Technologies a leading choice for talent.

  • Engagement Models: IT staff augmentation, managed technology teams, software development outsourcing
  • Price Range: $25 - $49 / hr
  • Team Locations: 54.61% from Venezuela, 17.76% from Colombia, 8.55% from the USA, 5.26% from Argentina, 4.61% from Spain, 9.21% from other Latin American countries
  • Clutch Reviews & Rating: 4.8 stars from 17 reviews. Clients appreciate Teravision Technologies' quick start-up process, which allows them to deliver high-quality development work promptly. They meet project deadlines, which leads to successful outcomes for their clients.
  • Reputable Clients: Unicef, PrimaryBid, McDonald's, Suggestic
  • Company Size: 250 - 999
  • Location: Miami, FL
  • Year Founded: 2002
  • Software Development Case Studies: Software development for Villyge, staff augmentation for Versapay 
  • Rewards: Most Reviewed IT Services Company in Mexico 2023 by The Manifest, Most Reviewed Software Developers in Mexico 2023 by The Manifest 
  • Tech Stacksome text
    • Programming Languages: Python, Java, JavaScript, PHP, and Golang
    • Frameworks and Libraries: Node.js, Angular, React JS, Vue.js, .NET Core
    • Cloud Services: AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud
  • Talents on Board: UX/UI designers, Business analysis, product owners, software developers, mobile app developers, QA specialists, DevOps specialists
  • Methodology: Agile Methodology, Scrum Methodology
  • Services: UX/UI Design, Mobile Application Development, Fron-End Development, Backend Development, Quality Assurance and Testing, DevOps Services
  • Industries: finance, health & wellness, entertainment, wearables 

DNAMIC

DNAMIC nearshore team distribution

DNAMIC is the go-to B2B IT agency in Costa Rica, rated No.1 by Clutch. They excel in offering top-notch tech and design talent from Latin America. Their services cover software development, QA and software testing, UX/UI & visual design, and staff augmentation. The company prioritizes simplicity and efficiency, helping businesses expand their teams and deliver projects on time and within budget.

  • Engagement Models: staff augmentation, fixed-prie projects
  • Price Range: $50 - $99 / hr
  • Team Locations: 58.57% from Costa Rica, 17.14% from USA, 7.14% from Colombia, 5.71% from Indonesia, 4.29% from India, 4.29% from Mexico, 2.86% from other countries
  • Clutch Reviews & Rating: 4.9 stars from 11 reviews. Clients value DNAMIC for its top-notch work and for meeting deadlines. They say the developers are talented, communicative, and work collaboratively to deliver thoughtful solutions. DNAMIC's diverse skill set ensures successful outcomes despite some project management challenges. 
  • Reputable Clients: Discovery Channel, Kodak, CSS Industries, Monin, Digitas
  • Company Size: 50 - 249
  • Location: USA, Mexico, Costa Rica
  • Year Founded: 2014
  • Software Development Case Studies: Mobile App Development for CSS Industries, Software Development for GiftIt 
  • Rewards: Top Software Developers Costa Rica 2023 by Clutch, Top Software Development Company by GoodFirms
  • Tech Stacksome text
    • Programming Languages: Python, JavaScript, Java, and PHP
    • Frameworks and Libraries: React.js, Angular, Node.js, Django, and Laravel,
    • Databases: PostgreSQL, MySQL, MongoDB, and Firebase
    • Cloud Services: AWS, Google Cloud Platform, Microsoft Azure, and Heroku
    • DevOps and Deployment: Docker, Kubernetes
  • Talents on Board: software developers, quality assurance engineers, UX/UI designers, DevOps engineers, database administrators, project managers, business analysts
  • Methodology: Agile, Scrum, Kanban, and Lean
  • Services: Software Development, Quality Assurance and Testing, UX/UI Design, DevOps and Deployment, Cloud Solutions, Staff Augmentation
  • Industries: technology, healthcare, finance, e-commerce, education, media, retail, manufacturing, travel, automotive

NaNLabs

 

NanLabs nearshore team distribution

NaNLabs offers a full-service solution to help businesses grow faster, attract users, and boost their tech capabilities. With 92% of its team members coming from a technical background, it is an ideal partner for any tech-related endeavor. Clients gain a squad of strategists, experts, and troubleshooters dedicated to elevating their projects to success. With an impressive portfolio, including collaborations with companies like Flight Club, Hyre Car, Symantec, CyberCube, and more, NaNLabs is experienced in tackling diverse challenges.

  • Engagement Models: IT staff augmentation, software development outsourcing, tech consultancy
  • Price Range: $50 - $99 / hr
  • Team Location: 93.06% from Argentina, 5.56% from France, 1.38% from other countries
  • Clutch Reviews & Rating: 4.9 stars from 25 reviews. Customers highly value NaNLABS for its exemplary service, solid technical proficiency, and commitment to Agile methodologies. Its positive attitude, professionalism, and passion for work exceed expectations, fostering a pleasant working relationship. 
  • Reputable Clients: Symantec, Flight Club, Fifth Wall, Cyber Cube, Tongal, Atoms
  • Company Size: 50 - 249
  • Location: La Plata, Argentina
  • Year Founded: 2013
  • Software Development Case Studies: IoT cyber risk assessment platform development for WootCloud, NodeJS cloud-native platform migration for HyreCar
  • Rewards: Clutch Champion Fall 2023, Clutch Global Fall 2023
  • Tech Stacksome text
    • Programming Languages: Javascript, Python, Ruby, Java 
    • Frameworks and Libraries: Node JS, Next JS, React JS, Python, Ruby on Rails 
    • Databases: MongoDB, PostgreSQL, MySQL
    • Cloud Services: AWS
  • Talents on Board: software engineers, frontend developers, backend developers, QA engineers, DevOps engineers, UX/UI designers, project managers, data analysts
  • Methodology: Agile Methodology
  • Services: Cloud Consulting & SI, Custom Software Development, Web Development, Mobile App Development, IT Staff Augmentation, UX/UI Design, 
  • Industries: technology, finance, real estate, medicine, and education

How To Choose the Best Nearshore Software Development Outsourcing Firm for Your Business

Choosing the best nearshore software development outsourcing firm is an important decision for any business that wants to boost its software development capabilities without breaking the bank. Here are some simple steps and things to consider to help you find the right fit for your needs.

  1. Define Your Requirements

Begin by defining your project's scope, objectives, and requirements. Understand the skills, technologies, and expertise needed to achieve your goals. This clarity will help you communicate your needs effectively to potential partners and evaluate their capabilities against your requirements.

  1. Research Potential Partners

Look for nearshore firms with a proven track record in your industry or the specific technologies you require. Use online platforms, industry networks, and referrals to compile a list of potential partners. Check their portfolios, case studies, and client testimonials to understand their experience and expertise.

  1. Evaluate Communication and Cultural Fit

Effective communication is essential for the success of any outsourced project. Assess the potential nearshore firm's language skills, communication tools, and processes. Cultural fit is equally important. Ensure the firm’s business practices, work ethic, and culture align with yours.

  1. Assess Technical Expertise and Experience

Evaluate the technical expertise of the firms on your shortlist. Look for specific experience relevant to your project, such as familiarity with the technologies, platforms, or frameworks you plan to use. Ask for case studies or examples of similar projects they have completed.

  1. Consider the Total Cost of Engagement

While cost should not be the only factor in your decision, it is important. Get detailed quotes from each firm to understand what is included in the price and any additional costs that might arise. Consider the total cost of engagement, including any potential travel expenses for face-to-face meetings.

  1. Check References and Reviews

Before making a decision, request references and directly contact previous or current clients of the nearshore firm. It will provide insights into the firm’s reliability, quality of work, and ability to deliver on time and within budget. Online reviews and ratings on popular review platforms like Clutch can also offer valuable feedback.

  1. Assess Flexibility and Scalability

Consider how well the firm can adapt to changes in your project’s scope and whether they can scale the team up or down as needed. Flexibility and scalability are crucial for adapting to evolving project requirements or unexpected challenges.

  1. Ensure Legal and IP Protection

Ensure the firm has robust legal frameworks to protect your intellectual property (IP) and confidential information. Before commencing the project, discuss and agree on IP ownership, non-disclosure agreements, and data security measures.

By following these steps, you can ensure a successful partnership that enhances your software development capabilities, aligns with your business culture, and achieves your goals efficiently and cost-effectively. Remember, the right nearshore partner is not just a service provider but an extension of your team, committed to your success.

Frequently Asked Questions about Nearshore Software Development

Q:

What is the nearshore software development model?

The nearshore software development model involves outsourcing software development tasks to nearby countries with similar time zones and cultural affinity, facilitating easier collaboration and communication.

Q:

What are the benefits of nearshore outsourcing?

The benefits of nearshore outsourcing include streamlined communication, cultural alignment, and cost-effectiveness compared to onshore outsourcing. This allows businesses to leverage skilled talent while reducing operational expenses.

Q:

What is the difference between outsourcing and nearshore?

The main difference between outsourcing and nearshore is the service provider's location. Outsourcing refers to any external provider, while nearshore involves nearby countries, which offers advantages such as reduced travel time and cultural compatibility.

Q:

What is an example of a nearshore company?

An example of a nearshore company is Azumo, which hires developers from South America and provides software development services to clients primarily in North America.

Q:

What is the difference between nearshore and offshore engineering?

Nearshore engineering involves outsourcing development tasks to nearby countries with similar time zones. In contrast, offshore engineering entails outsourcing to more distant countries, often resulting in significant time zone differences and potential communication challenges.

Q:

What is the difference between nearshore and offshore engineering?

Nearshore engineering involves outsourcing development tasks to nearby countries with similar time zones. In contrast, offshore engineering entails outsourcing to more distant countries, often resulting in significant time zone differences and potential communication challenges.